Występowanie i chorobotwórczość krętków Borrelia miyamotoi

Abstract

Introduction and objective Borrelia miyamotoi is a member of the relapsing fever group of Borrelia. Currently, Borrelia miyamotoi is the only relapsing fever spirochete that is transmitted by hard ticks. Borrelia miyamotoi is common in the northern hemisphere and infections caused by these spirochetes are becoming increasingly common. The study aimed to analyze the available scientific literature on the occurrence of Borrelia miyamotoi in the environment and cases of infections caused by these spirochetes. Review methods The analysis of literature was performed by searching the PUBMED database. Original articles were selected for the review. Publications other than those in English, reviews and, meta-analyses were excluded from the review. Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge The main vector of Borrelia miyamotoi are ticks of the genus Ixodes, which also transmit the etiologic agent of Lyme borreliosis. Environmental studies indicate that rodents play a significant role in the circulation of the pathogen in nature. The first case of human infection was described in 2011 in Russia. The most common symptoms of the disease are fever, weakness, headache, pain in muscles and joints, and nausea. Summary In contrast to Lyme borreliosis, infections caused by Borrelia miyamotoi are much less frequently diagnosed. However, the number of cases of Borrelia miyamotoi disease may be underestimated, because an access to both standardized serologic tests and molecular assays is difficult. Taking into account that the range of distribution of Borrelia miyamotoi and Borrelia burgdorferi overlap, Borrelia miyamotoi infection should be considered in the entire area of endemic occurrence of Ixodes ticks.

Keywords

• ticks
• borrelia
• tick-borne diseases
• borrelia miyamotoi
• borrelia miyamotoi disease