School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonostic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Fengping Liu
School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonostic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Fenglei Jian
School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonostic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Corresponding author. School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonostic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Yueguang Rong
School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonostic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Corresponding author. School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonostic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Autophagy, a lysosome-dependent degradation process, plays a crucial role in maintaining cell homeostasis. It serves as a vital mechanism for adapting to stress and ensuring intracellular quality control. Autophagy deficiencies or defects are linked to numerous human disorders, especially those associated with neuronal degeneration or metabolic diseases. Yoshinori Ohsumi was honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2016 for his groundbreaking discoveries regarding autophagy mechanisms. Over the past few decades, autophagy research has predominantly concentrated on the early stages of autophagy, with relatively limited attention given to the late stages. Nevertheless, recent studies have witnessed substantial advancements in understanding the molecular intricacies of the late stages, which follows autophagosome formation. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent progresses in comprehending the molecular mechanisms of the late stages of autophagy.
