نشریه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی (Apr 2015)
The Study the Role of Participatory Management to Reduce Flood Impacts (Case Study: Rurals of River Basin Zngmar Maku city)
Abstract
Natural disasters are considered as part of the inescapable facts the control of whose occurrence is largely outside of human power. Therefore, natural disasters always have been important issues in biological communities and confronting with the disasters, and harmful effects have been the long-term goals of the communities. The flood phenomenon is considered as one of the unforeseen events and devastating in rural areas of the country. Management of natural disasters, especially floods, is a collection of actions that occurred before, during and after the occurrence of disasters to reduce more effects and damages.Today the approach of response to disasters as command-control structure, has been focused and technology-oriented and is displaced with a new approach called community-based management. It emphasizes on cultures, abilities, knowledge and capacity of existing local communities. In fact, without a comprehensive and systematic look, regarding all aspects of economic, social-institutional and environmental problems in large part is far from achieving. In this regard, the rural communities isn’t far this process and always has been subjected to flooding and its effects, and the other hand, rural area in this study (Zangmar River Basin) and livelihood and activities of residents are affected by flooding constantly and create many financial damages and losses of life for villagers. In this study, for data requirements, both library and field mode (questionnaires and observations) have been used. To cover the whole basin among villages (that were in three ranges of high, medium and lowvulnerability intotal of 63 villages), 21 villages were randomly selected. Then, by using the Cocoran formula taotal of 292 households were identified as samples. Also from 50 groups of officials among 5 organizations related to flood affairs in villages we selected samples and correlation test, we used one sample T test and variance analysis. The results of this research indicate that in all aspects of participation, both villagers and officials group believe in participation in the period before and after the flood disaster, and also there are largel similarities between approaches of two groups of officials and rural people into rate, type and period of participation in flood management in flood risk areas in the field of case study
