The level of intensity of soft winter wheat varieties infection by Fusarium link pathogens and their identification on grain

Abstract

In modern conditions, an important task of agricultural production is to increase the yield and improve the quality of agricultural products. A reliable and environmentally beneficial factor for a sustainable increase in yield and improvement of grain quality is the creation of new varieties with group resistance to diseases and a high level of adaptability. The effectiveness of breeding for immunity directly depends on the diversity of donor resistance genes, and the search for new sources of resistance has been and remains a topical issue. The purpose of the study was to establish the level of infection of grain of soft winter wheat varieties with pathogens of Fusarium head blight and their identification. Winter wheat varieties from different breeding institutions of Ukraine were used in the research: V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS (MIW), Breeding and Genetic Institute – National Centre for Seed Breeding and Variety Research of NAAS (SGI-NCNS), V.Ya. Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS (PPI), Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of NASU (IPPG), Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS (IPP), Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of NAAS (IA), National Research Centre “Institute of Agriculture” of NAAS (NRC IA). Phytopathological analysis was used to determine the species composition of the Fusarium Link pathogen, and the proportion of species was determined by the ratio of infected wheat grain samples to their total number. A higher (15-18%) level of intensity of Fusarium blight infection was observed in the varieties Doskonala, Turunchuk, Ovidii, Vodohrai, and Myroliubyva. Winter wheat grain in the years of research was colonised by such types of Fusarium head blightas: F. sporotrichiella, F. monilifopme, F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, F. gibbosum F. sambucinum and F.oxysporium. F. monilifopme and F. oxysporium species dominated the situation, with their prevalence on wheat grainbeing 16.2 and 1.7%, respectively. Winter wheat varieties with the lowest (1.2–4.5%) damage by pathogens of the genusFusarium are recommended for use in wheat breeding for immunity. The use of a stable starting material in practicalbreeding will help contain the increase in infection of pathogens without the use of chemical protective equipment

Keywords

• triticum aestivum l.
• source material
• seed infection
• fusarium head blight
• fungi of the genus fusarium
• species composition
• dominant species