THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SODIUM DICHLOROACETATE AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS DURING THE EXPERIMENTAL CLINICAL STUDIES

Abstract

Over 1400 papers in foreign publications are dealing with the research of the biological activity of sodium dichloroacetate. Meanwhile in the domestic scientific literature the present review is the first one and has the purpose to unite and systematize the results of numerous studies of its effects in vitro on different cell lines and experimental models as well as on the whole organism with the broad spectrum of pathological conditions and disorders accompanied by the mitochondrial dysfunction. The mechanism of its effect is connected with the activation of the pyruvatdehydrogenase complex that causes the optimization of the oxygen consumption and the decrease in the acidification level of environment in normal cells in conditions of the tissue hypoxemia which enables us to label it as a metabolic cytoprotector. In atypical cells the result is present as the metabolic inversion with the intensification of free-radical processes as well as the activation of the caspase enzyme cascade, the activity decrease of proproliferative and proangiogenetic transcriptional factors which explains the positive effect in treatment of a whole number of tumours.

Keywords

• sodium dichloroacetate
• mitochondrial dysfunction
• pyruvatdehydrogenase
• metabolic cytoprotection
• antitumourous therapy