Meroterpenoid-triterpenoid hybrids from Ganoderma lucidum and their biological activity against insulin resistance in C2C12 cells

Abstract

Objective Ganoderma lucidum is served for folk treatment of diabetes, however, due to the lack of supportive data, the exploration of its chemical composition and effects on anti-diabetes is needed for clinical promotion. Methods A variety of separation methods were used, such as MCI gel CHP 20P, RP-18, Sephadex LH- 20 and silica gel column chromatography, PTLC and HPLC, to investigate the low-polarity components of Ganoderma lucidum produced in Yunnan province. 1D and 2D NMR were used to elucidate the structures of the compounds, and their activities were examined in the insulin resistance model of C2C12 cells in vitro. Results Eight new meroterpenoid-triterpenoid hybrids, ganolucinins D-K (1-8), were isolated and identified from Ganoderma lucidum cultivited in two different areas in Yunnan province. Compounds 7 and 8 upregulate the phosphorylation of IRS1 and Akt, and compound 8 could promote glucose uptake in C2C12 cells. Conclusion A series of meroterpenoid-triterpenoid hybrids might exist in Ganoderma lucidum, and compound 8 has the potential for ameliorating insulin resistance and might be an effective substance of Ganoderma lucidum for anti-diabetes.

Keywords

• ganoderma lucidum
• meroterpenoids
• hybrid
• diabetes/insulin resistance