Metabolic syndrome in senior citizens belonging to the health district of Cortés, Sandino, Pinar del Río

Abstract

Background: the metabolic syndrome is a mixture of the most dangerous risk factors of metabolic origin for the development of cardiovascular problems. Objective: to characterize clinical and epidemiological variables in senior citizens diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, belonging to the health district of Cortés, municipality of Sandino, Pinar del Río, from January 2018 through June 2019. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with 250 senior citizens treated at the aforementioned health district and during the period herein stated. Individual medical records were reviewed and the following variables were analyzed: age groups, sex, predisposing factors, chronic diseases and electrocardiographic alterations. Results: the metabolic syndrome was more frequent in female patients (57,60 %) and in ages between 60 and 70 years (44 %). Within the family history, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension were the most frequent conditions (87,60 %). Of the chronic diseases present, hepatic steatosis predominated (46,40 %), followed by chronic renal failure (34 %). The elevation of the lipidogram and the left ventricular hypertrophy were the most common alterations. Conclusions: the senior citizens with metabolic syndrome included in the study were characterized, highlighting in them the high incidence of a family history of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension.

Keywords

• síndrome metabólico
• obesidad
• diabetes mellitus
• hipertensión arterial
• anciano