Investigating the nexus of metabolic syndrome, serum uric acid, and dementia risk: a prospective cohort study
Tara SR Chen,
Ning-Ning Mi,
Hubert Yuenhei Lao,
Chen-Yu Wang,
Wai Leung Ambrose Lo,
Yu-Rong Mao,
Yan Tang,
Zhong Pei,
Jin-Qiu Yuan,
Dong-Feng Huang
Affiliations
Tara SR Chen
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50
Ning-Ning Mi
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University
Hubert Yuenhei Lao
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, WHO Collaborating Centre for Eye Care and Vision CHN-151, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University
Chen-Yu Wang
Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney
Wai Leung Ambrose Lo
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
Yu-Rong Mao
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50
Yan Tang
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50
Zhong Pei
Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
Jin-Qiu Yuan
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Clinical Big Data Research Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
Dong-Feng Huang
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50
Abstract Background The global dementia prevalence is surging, necessitating research into contributing factors. We aimed to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components, serum uric acid (SUA) levels, and dementia risk. Methods Our prospective study comprised 466,788 participants without pre-existing MetS from the UK Biobank. We confirmed dementia diagnoses based on the ICD-10 criteria (F00-03). To evaluate the dementia risk concerning MetS, its components, and SUA levels, we applied Cox proportional hazards models, while adjusting for demographic factors. Results Over a median follow-up of 12.7 years, we identified 6845 dementia cases. Individuals with MetS had a 25% higher risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19–1.31). The risk increased with the number of MetS components including central obesity, dyslipidemia for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia for triglycerides. Particularly for those with all five components (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.51–2.04). Dyslipidemia for HDL cholesterol, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia for triglycerides were independently associated with elevated dementia risk (p < 0.01). MetS was further linked to an increased risk of all-cause dementia (11%) and vascular dementia (VD, 50%) among individuals with SUA levels exceeding 400 μmol/L (all-cause dementia: HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02–1.21; VD: HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.28–1.77). Conclusions Our study provides robust evidence supporting the association between MetS, its components, and dementia risk. These findings emphasize the importance of considering MetS and SUA levels in assessing dementia risk, offering valuable insights for prevention and management strategies.
