Using Hydrogel Beads as a Blood Model in Optical Coherence Tomography

Abstract

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a standard imaging procedure in ophthalmology. OCT Angiography is a promising extension, allowing for fast and non-invasive imaging of the retinal vasculature analyzing multiple OCT scans at the same place. Local variance is examined and highlighted. Despite its introduction in the clinic, unanswered questions remain when it comes to signal generation. Multiphase fluids like intralipid, milk-water solutions and human blood cells were applied in phantom studies shedding light on some of the mechanisms. The use of hydrogel beads allows for the generation of alternative blood models for OCT and OCT Angiography. Beads were produced in Hannover, their size was measured and their long term stability was assessed. Then, beads were shipped to Karlsruhe, where OCT imaging resulted in first insights. The hydrogel acts as a diffusion barrier, which enables a clear distinction of bead and fluid when scattering particles were added. Further on, the scattering medium below the bead showed increased signal intensity. We conclude that the inside of the bead structure shows enhanced transmission compared to the plasma substitute with dissolved TiO2 surrounding it. Beads were found clumped and deformed after shipping, an issue to be addressed in further investigations. Nevertheless, hydrogel beads are promising as a blood model for OCT Angiography investigations, offering tunable optical parameters within the blood substitute solution.

Keywords

• optical models
• phantoms
• hydrogel beads
• biphase fluids
• optical coherence tomography