Features of the somatic status and clinical characteristics of breast cancer in postmenopausal women

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most urgent as medical and social problems. In Ukraine, from 1995 to the present time, BC occupies the first rank in the structure of cancer morbidity and mortality among women. In the analysis of the incidence of BC, there are two age spikes: the first peak is 40–45 years (premenopausal BC), the second – after 50–65 years (postmenopausal BC). Features of the tumor process in postmenopausal women can be modified by a number of somatic diseases (obesity of varying degrees, vascular diseases, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, etc.). 129 patients in postmenopausal women who were diagnosed with stage I–III breast cancer were examined. Analysis of clinical data showed a different prevalence of the tumor process in the mammary glands of patients. The greatest number of patients with stage II of BC (80 patients, 62.0%), in other patients the prevalence of the tumor process corresponded to stage I (16 people, 12.4%) and stage III of BC (33 patients, 25.6%). Based on the survey, most postmenopausal patients with BC have signs of metabolic status disorders, namely high body mass index, obesity of grade II–III, a wide range of gynecological and somatic diseases carried over the course of their life. The size of breast tumors was variable and ranged from 1cm to 2.5cm or more, which is respectively observed in 34.9% and 56.6% of observations. The total number of patients with different degrees of regional lymph node metastases was 76%, but the advantage of fewer affected lymph nodes was noted. The heterogeneity of tumors with histological variants with prevalence of infiltrative protocol cancer was established (51.9% of patients). The obtained results testify to the necessity of an integrated approach to the examination of patients with postmenopausal pulmonary arterial hypertension, including the somatic status and metabolic syndrome, which can modify the features of the course of the tumor process.

Keywords

• breast cancer
• postmenopausal
• body mass index
• clinical features
• concomitant pathology