Reemergence of yellow fever in the state of São Paulo: the structuring role of surveillance of epizootics in non-human primates in a one health approach

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective: to present a comprehensive analysis of YF occurrence of in the state of São Paulo since its reemergence, and the ongoing process of structuring the surveillance of epizootics in non-human primates in a one health approach. Methods: descriptive study of human cases and epizootics in non-human primates, structuring actions and the one health approach used in the state of São Paulo for yellow fever surveillance from 2000 to 2023. Results: from 2000 to 2023, 679 human cases and 857 epizootics in NHPs confirmed for yellow fever were recorded. There was an intensification of epizootic surveillance actions in non-human primates from 2017, when the virus circulated in areas without vaccine recommendations in the state. Conclusion: Five outbreaks were registered during the evaluated period, and the surveillance of epizootics in non-human primates played a fundamental role in implementing disease prevention and control measures in areas without vaccination recommendation, guiding vaccination actions, and serving as an example of how a one health approach can be adopted within epidemiological surveillance, making it more resilient to emerging threats.

Keywords

• Yellow fever
• Primates
• Epidemiologic surveillance
• One health