Cхід (Jul 2013)
Social and cultural complex of Рrykarpattya village in the second half the XX century
Abstract
Entire description of social-economic operations, which took place on the west Ukrainian lands in the XX century, is fed in investigations of: N. Zhulkanych, H. Kryvchyck, M. Lendiel, O. Maliarchuk,S. Padalka, S. Tymchenka etc. In this article it was proved that dealing with social issues were achieved significant successes-in addition to improving the living conditions significantly increased the level of cultural and consumer services. Along with the welfare of people were resolved urgent issues of everyday life. In this area occurred major changes, in despite of the lagging of the highly developed countries of the world and other regions of the republic - material well-being of the most residents significantly improved. For the development of social areas of the village the most favorable period of the study time period was the second half of 60-70 years of the XX century. In these years were canceled their labor days in the collective farms and was made the transition to guaranteed wage, farmers began to receive pensions and vacations, so their social status equaled to other categories of Soviet society. In rural areas, while in insufficient quantities, were constructed houses for young professionals, schools, orphanages, kindergartens, medical points, clubs, libraries, household objects, baths, shops, cafeterias, administrative offices of village councils, post offices, bus stations, were conducted gasification, telephones. Were analyzed the material conditions of life, they were based on salary, speaking along with gardens, the main source of replenishment of the family budget. Thus, the wage rates of workers, technical staff and employees differed significantly from the meager wages of workers. Minimum income of the rural population involved in the collective and state farms, led to its low purchasing power. Gradual increase in remuneration collective farmers significantly affected the well-being of people. In turn, this gave grounds to confirm the thesis of "parental care" state of rural workers strongly supported by the party propaganda. It concealed the fact that the state forcibly drove peasants into collective farms depriving from the citizens the right to own land as private property, limiting any initiative. History of the social and cultural complex of Ivano-Frankivsk region shows that in despite of major improvements in solving certain issues of life and well-being of people, the contradiction between reality and demands constantly increased. Soviet power could not achieve adequate time needs improvements - the standard of living of most citizens remained miserable. Although it should be noted that in the period under review increased the overall standard of living: increased production of consumer goods; was formed the Soviet model infrastructure of public services, were positive changes in solving the housing problem, development of education, health, culture, sports and so on. However absolutisation of national interests, the emphasis on them did not contribute to the solution of many pressing issues of social development and villages. In the study period the overall standard of living of the rural population has increased, was organized system of remuneration, improved pensions. You can definitely say that the standard of living of the villagers of Ivano-Frankivsk region significantly increased. Material and technical resources and manpower were concentrated, both in collective and state farms, and the enforcement plans for the introduction of housing, schools, kindergartens, hospitals, public utilities and service life in the countryside. In the second half of the twentieth century were positive upheavals in solving housing problems, development of education, health, culture, sports and so on. However, there were also laid great social contradictions - "problem of wasted villages." Problems of optimal level of consumption of goods, of mass consumption, deficit, lack of adequate infrastructure supply and demand, poor development of trade, low possibility of revenue through consumer goods gained its extreme limits of unresolved problems at the end of the 80 th years of XX century.
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