Cogent Public Health (Dec 2022)
Tuberculosis Co-infection and Associated Factors among People Living with HIV /AIDS Who are on Antiretroviral Therapy in Pastoral Community, Northeast Ethiopia. A Bayesian Analysis Approach
Abstract
: Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problems in Afar region where the majority of the population is pastoral. However, there are limited data and analyses upon which to guide public health interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of TB and its associated factors among people living with HIV in the pastoral community, Afar region, Northeast Ethiopia. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 443 participants selected by systematic random sampling technique. Bayesian multivariable logistic regression analysis was done and an adjusted odds ratio with its corresponding 95% credible interval was used to declare a statistical significance. The prevalence of TB-HIV con-infection was 26.7% [95% CI: (22.6%–31.2%)]. Patients without chronic diseases (AOR = 0.49, CI = 0.29–0.75) and who did not use substances (AOR = 0.44, CI = 0.29–0.64) were negatively associated with TB-HIV co-infection whereas living in rural residence (AOR = 2.93, CI = 1.55–5.08), having baseline CD4 count 200 to 499 cells/mm3 (AOR = 2.02, CI = 2.02–3.87), CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3 (AOR = 11.23, CI = 6.09–18.73), and having a family size of greater than 5 (AOR = 3.36, CI = 1.49–6.62) were the positively associated with TB-HIV co-infection. The prevalence of TB-HIV co-infection was high in the study area. Residing in a rural site, using substances, having a chronic illness, having more than five family sizes, baseline CD4 count of 200 to 499 cells/mm3, and less than 200 cells/mm3 were factors that increase the probability of tuberculosis among people living with HIV. Thus, comprehensive interventions focused on the identified factors are recommended to decrease the burden of TB-HIV co-infection.
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