A critical review on the performance and microstructural characteristics of materials fabricated through friction stir additive methods and deposition techniques

Abstract

This review examines the distinctions between metallic alloys fabricated using friction stir techniques in additive manufacturing, focusing on friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM) and additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) of aluminium, magnesium, and titanium alloys. The analysis emphasizes the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of these alloys. FSAM is noted for its ability to produce refined equiaxed grains, contributing to enhanced mechanical strength and structural integrity. In contrast, AFSD is characterized by its ability to achieve significant microstructural refinement, leading to improved hardness and corrosion resistance. However, challenges such as resolution limitations, mechanical stability issues in high-aspect-ratio structures, and the need for optimized post-processing persist. The study underscores the potential of FSAM and AFSD to advance additive manufacturing by addressing these challenges and optimizing process parameters for a wide range of engineering applications.

Keywords

• Additive friction stir deposition
• Friction stir additive manufacturing
• Microstructure
• Aluminium alloys
• Magnesium alloys
• Titanium alloys