Refractory status epilepticus syndrome FIRES (febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome) + NORSE (new-onset refractory status epilepticus): description of a rare clinical case

Abstract

The paper describes a clinical case of the rare status epilepticus syndrome FIRES (febrile infection responsive encephalopathy) + NORSE (new-onset refractory status epilepticus). The difficulty of diagnosing this condition is due to the fact that it occurs extremely rarely and the laboratory and instrumental findings are nonspecific. The disease is characterized by acute onset, fever, and subsequent development of status epilepticus, cognitive impairment, and pharmacotherapy-resistant epilepsy. The paper describes a 19-year-old male patient who was observed to have a favorable course of FIRES + NORSE syndrome without pharmacotherapy-resistant epilepsy, motor deficiency, and with the preservation of self-care skills.

Keywords

• status epilepticus
• pharmacotherapy-resistant epilepsy
• fires syndrome
• fires + norse
• cognitive impairment