The First Mitochondrial Genomes of the Family Haplodiplatyidae (Insecta: Dermaptera) Reveal Intraspecific Variation and Extensive Gene Rearrangement
Hong-Ling Liu,
Song Chen,
Qing-Dong Chen,
De-Qiang Pu,
Zhi-Teng Chen,
Yue-Yue Liu,
Xu Liu
Affiliations
Hong-Ling Liu
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610066, China
Song Chen
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610066, China
Qing-Dong Chen
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610066, China
De-Qiang Pu
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610066, China
Zhi-Teng Chen
School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212004, China
Yue-Yue Liu
Analysis and Testing Center, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
Xu Liu
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610066, China
Haplodiplatyidae is a recently established earwig family with over 40 species representing a single genus, Haplodiplatys Hincks, 1955. The morphology of Haplodiplatyidae has been studied in detail, but its molecular characters remain unclear. In this study, two mitogenomes of Haplodiplatys aotouensis Ma & Chen, 1991, were sequenced based on two samples from Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, respectively. These represent the first mitogenomes for the family Haplodiplatyidae. The next-generation sequencing method and subsequent automatic assembly obtained two mitogenomes. The two mitogenomes of H. aotouensis were generally identical but still exhibit a few sequence differences involving protein-coding genes (PCGs), ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, control regions, and intergenic spacers. The typical set of 37 mitochondrial genes was annotated, while many transfer RNA (tRNA) genes were rearranged from their ancestral locations. The calculation of nonsynonymous (Ka) and synonymous (Ks) substitution rates in PCGs indicated the fastest evolving nd4l gene in H. aotouensis. The phylogenetic analyses supported the basal position of Apachyidae but also recovered several controversial clades.
