PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT OF CHOLESTEROL CHOLECYSTOLITHIASIS (REVIEW)

Abstract

Gallstone disease and chronic calculous cholecystitis are the most prevalent gastroenterological diseases which require a surgical treatment. The quantity of patients with, gallstone disease or chronic calculous cholecystitis constantly is increased with, raise in age. Accordingly, the quantity of patients after cholecystectomy grows. The cholesterol gallstones and. mixed, gallstones in the gallbladder can make up from 60 % up to 80 %. Now cholesterol cholecystolithiasis is considered, as a complex of metabolic disorders in a liver and. a gallbladder. The mechanism of formation of cholesterol gallstones unites set of some conditions: cholesterol supersaturation of gallbladder bile and. precipitation, of cholesterol monohydrate crystals, hypersecretion, of glycoprotein, mucins and. gallbladder hypomotility. Treatment of gallstone disease and chronic calculous cholecystitis includes the ordinary opened, cholecystectomy and. laparoscopic cholecystectomy, sometimes cholecystolithotomy. Organ preservation, methods are applied only for the treatment of cholesterol gallstones: extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy of gallstones, local contact chemical litholysis with. MTBE and. systemic litholysis with, bile acids (CDCA and. UDCA).

Keywords

• gallbladder
• liver
• cholesterol
• bile acids
• cholesterol gallstones
• enterohepatic circulation
• cholesterol gallstone disease
• chronic calculous cholecystitis
• cholecystectomy