BMJ Open (Jan 2025)
Cohort profile: the BangladEsh Longitudinal Investigation of Emerging Vascular and nonvascular Events (BELIEVE) cohort study
- ,
- Anisur Rahman,
- Stephen Sutton,
- Mahbubur Rahman,
- Jason Crawte,
- Tahmeed Ahmed,
- Md Saimul Islam,
- Aliya Naheed,
- Adam S Butterworth,
- Emanuele Di Angelantonio,
- Matthew Walker,
- John Danesh,
- Angela Wood,
- Sarah Hawkes,
- Sadika Akhter,
- Catherine Perry,
- Aytalina Azarova,
- Ruchira T Naved,
- Meerjady Sabrina Flora,
- Nusrat Khan,
- Rajiv Chowdhury,
- Sohel Reza Choudhury,
- Nusrat Jahan,
- Stephen Kaptoge,
- Md Zahidul Islam,
- Kaniz Fatema,
- Kim Robin van Daalen,
- Shammi Luhar,
- Roderic L Jones,
- Abbas Bhuiya,
- Md Khalequzzaman,
- Syed Shariful Islam,
- Henry Taylor,
- Shamima Akter,
- Simon Griffin,
- Khairul Islam,
- Salma Akter,
- Ruchira Tabassum Naved,
- Abdul Malik,
- Rubhana Raqib,
- Animesh Talukder,
- Richard Houghton,
- Tahmina Shirin,
- Lawrence King,
- Kamrun Nahar,
- Samantha Farrow,
- Giulia Loffreda,
- Samsad Rabbani Khan,
- Valerie Rhenius,
- Nahida Akter,
- Md Mostafa Monower,
- Sabina Akter,
- Mantaka Rahman,
- Lisa Pennells,
- Maria L C Iurilli,
- Md Taslim Uddin Miah,
- Khan Mohammad Thouhidur Rahman,
- Sharraf Samin,
- Kazi Nazmus Saqeeb,
- Ishrat Tasmin,
- Eleanor Farrow,
- Ank Michielsen,
- Sarah Spackman,
- Charlotte van Coeverden,
- James Ajioka,
- Khondker Abdul Abdul Awal,
- Evangelia Chatzidiakou,
- Jörg Feldmann,
- Richard Fenner,
- Tuhin Haque,
- Sirajul Islam,
- Kamrul Hasan Khan,
- Fazila-Tun-Nesa Malik,
- Olalekan Popoola,
- Nicholas Mascie Taylor,
- Md Alfazal Khan,
- Israt Akter,
- Laboni Akter,
- Shoriful Islam,
- Mohammad Kamruzzaman,
- Monalisa Moni,
- A H M Rezwan,
- K M Thouhidur Rahman,
- Monjeline Sultana,
- Jesmin Akhter,
- Ayasha Akter,
- Bakul Akter,
- Jharna Akter,
- Jesmin Akter,
- Juba Akter,
- Khadiza Akter,
- Khadija Akter,
- Lipi Akter,
- Maksuda Akter,
- Mousumi Akter,
- Mst Lovely Akter,
- Nasima Akter,
- Samima Akter,
- Sema Akter,
- Shahida Akter,
- Shahnaj Akter,
- Taslima Akter,
- A T M Zorjis Alam,
- Mahmuda Atique,
- Lutfa Begum,
- Mst Nazma Begum,
- Farjana Choudhury,
- Mitali Paul Chowdhury,
- Robin Reza Chowdhury,
- Mukul Rani Debnath,
- Nahid Ferdash,
- Naima Ferdous,
- Md Rakib Al Hasan,
- Khandaker Hashanuzzaman,
- Shamima Haq,
- Md Riazul Haque,
- Alamgir Hossain,
- Md Ibrahim,
- Shahi Israt Jahan,
- Israt Jahan Jarin,
- Zohora Pradhan Jonaki,
- Asik Kabir,
- Tonema Kader,
- Md Mostafa Kamal,
- Sayed Kamruzzaman,
- Sadik Fatima Kanon,
- Nazmul Karim,
- Shamsul Karim,
- Tanuja Khanom,
- Shamim Ara Khatun,
- Badrun Nahar Lorin,
- Mst Sirajum Manira,
- Farhana Jahan Mary,
- Kazi Dilruba Mita,
- Lipi Mitra,
- Basudeb Mollik,
- Sudipta Nargis,
- Nusrat Alam Nawmee,
- Esrat Zahan Nesa,
- Mahmuda Akter Nipa,
- Mehenaz Parvin,
- Sanjida Parvin,
- Shahnaj Parvin,
- Suraiya Parvin,
- Nayan Rabidash,
- Rulia Rahman,
- Madhabi Rani,
- Shahjalal Sarker,
- Smriti Sarker,
- Razia Sultana Shathi,
- Fatema Shelly,
- Ireen Sultana,
- Rovaiya Sultana,
- Israt Jahan Sumi,
- Sharmin Tamanna,
- Khadija Akter Topy,
- Umme Habiba Urmee,
- Suraya Yesmin,
- Julianne Halley,
- Charlotte van Coeverden,
- Mahmuda Akther Akhi,
- Asia Akter,
- Labony Akter,
- Ms Mili Akter,
- Mst Shamima Akter,
- Setu Akter,
- Tahmina Akter,
- Md Sabdar Ali,
- Mst Jesmin Ara,
- Edyta Bujnik,
- Apu Chandra Das,
- Many Das,
- Nurjahan Fatema,
- Md Riyad Hasan,
- Soniya Jannat,
- Mst Amena Khatun,
- Most Nurnahar Khatun,
- William Mossman,
- Robyn Murdoch,
- Zannaton Naeem,
- Evrikleia Ntasi,
- Silvia Alonso Rodriguez,
- Tripty Roy,
- Most Abida Sultana,
- Laryssa Amado,
- Tanya Braune,
- Eilidh Cowan,
- Steve Ellis,
- Ellie Farrow,
- Hannah Lombardi,
- Niko Ovenden,
- Tamara Sabri,
- Md Khalid Sultan,
- Jim Ajioka,
- Khondker Abdul Awal,
- Arul Baradi,
- Emanuele Di Angelantonio,
- Camilla Faidutti,
- Joerg Feldmann,
- Louise Hair,
- Sharifuddin Hasnat,
- Shahid Akhter Hossain,
- Md Mominul Islam,
- Shafiul Islam,
- Joe Lavallée,
- Fazila Tun-Nesa Malik,
- Nick Mascie-Taylor,
- Md Sirajul Islam,
- Laurie Savage,
- Sara Shazad,
- Lalitha Sundaram,
- Aloka Tulukdar,
- Kim Van Daalen,
- Tanvir Chowdhury,
- Nurul Huda,
- Samia Naz Isha,
- Riaz Hossain Khan,
- Aliva Salmeen,
- Zeeba Zahra Sultana
Affiliations
- Anisur Rahman
- Stephen Sutton
- Behavioural Science Group, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
- Mahbubur Rahman
- Jason Crawte
- Tahmeed Ahmed
- Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Md Saimul Islam
- Aliya Naheed
- Non Communicable Diseases, Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Matthew Walker
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Angela Wood
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Sarah Hawkes
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- Sadika Akhter
- Catherine Perry
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Aytalina Azarova
- Ruchira T Naved
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Meerjady Sabrina Flora
- National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Nusrat Khan
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Rajiv Chowdhury
- Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Sohel Reza Choudhury
- Deapartment of Epidemiology & Research, National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Nusrat Jahan
- Stephen Kaptoge
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Md Zahidul Islam
- Kaniz Fatema
- Kim Robin van Daalen
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Shammi Luhar
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Roderic L Jones
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Abbas Bhuiya
- Md Khalequzzaman
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Syed Shariful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Henry Taylor
- Shamima Akter
- Simon Griffin
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Khairul Islam
- Salma Akter
- Ruchira Tabassum Naved
- Abdul Malik
- National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Rubhana Raqib
- Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Animesh Talukder
- Richard Houghton
- Tahmina Shirin
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Lawrence King
- Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Kamrun Nahar
- Samantha Farrow
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Giulia Loffreda
- Samsad Rabbani Khan
- Valerie Rhenius
- Nahida Akter
- Md Mostafa Monower
- Deapartment of Epidemiology & Research, National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Sabina Akter
- Mantaka Rahman
- Lisa Pennells
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Maria L C Iurilli
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Md Taslim Uddin Miah
- Directorate General of Health Services, Cumilla Medical College, Cumilla, Bangladesh
- Khan Mohammad Thouhidur Rahman
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Sharraf Samin
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Kazi Nazmus Saqeeb
- Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Ishrat Tasmin
- Deapartment of Epidemiology & Research, National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Eleanor Farrow
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Ank Michielsen
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Sarah Spackman
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Charlotte van Coeverden
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- James Ajioka
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Khondker Abdul Abdul Awal
- National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Evangelia Chatzidiakou
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Jörg Feldmann
- TESLA-Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Richard Fenner
- Centre for Sustainable Development, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Tuhin Haque
- National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Sirajul Islam
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Kamrul Hasan Khan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Fazila-Tun-Nesa Malik
- National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Olalekan Popoola
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Nicholas Mascie Taylor
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Md Alfazal Khan
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Israt Akter
- Laboni Akter
- Shoriful Islam
- Mohammad Kamruzzaman
- Monalisa Moni
- A H M Rezwan
- K M Thouhidur Rahman
- Monjeline Sultana
- Jesmin Akhter
- Ayasha Akter
- Bakul Akter
- Jharna Akter
- Jesmin Akter
- Juba Akter
- Khadiza Akter
- Khadija Akter
- Lipi Akter
- Maksuda Akter
- Mousumi Akter
- Mst Lovely Akter
- Nasima Akter
- Samima Akter
- Sema Akter
- Shahida Akter
- Shahnaj Akter
- Taslima Akter
- A T M Zorjis Alam
- Mahmuda Atique
- Lutfa Begum
- Mst Nazma Begum
- Farjana Choudhury
- Mitali Paul Chowdhury
- Robin Reza Chowdhury
- Mukul Rani Debnath
- Nahid Ferdash
- Naima Ferdous
- Md Rakib Al Hasan
- Khandaker Hashanuzzaman
- Shamima Haq
- Md Riazul Haque
- Alamgir Hossain
- Md Ibrahim
- Shahi Israt Jahan
- Israt Jahan Jarin
- Zohora Pradhan Jonaki
- Asik Kabir
- Tonema Kader
- Md Mostafa Kamal
- Sayed Kamruzzaman
- Sadik Fatima Kanon
- Nazmul Karim
- Shamsul Karim
- Tanuja Khanom
- Shamim Ara Khatun
- Badrun Nahar Lorin
- Mst Sirajum Manira
- Farhana Jahan Mary
- Kazi Dilruba Mita
- Lipi Mitra
- Basudeb Mollik
- Sudipta Nargis
- Nusrat Alam Nawmee
- Esrat Zahan Nesa
- Mahmuda Akter Nipa
- Mehenaz Parvin
- Sanjida Parvin
- Shahnaj Parvin
- Suraiya Parvin
- Nayan Rabidash
- Rulia Rahman
- Madhabi Rani
- Shahjalal Sarker
- Smriti Sarker
- Razia Sultana Shathi
- Fatema Shelly
- Ireen Sultana
- Rovaiya Sultana
- Israt Jahan Sumi
- Sharmin Tamanna
- Khadija Akter Topy
- Umme Habiba Urmee
- Suraya Yesmin
- Julianne Halley
- Charlotte van Coeverden
- Mahmuda Akther Akhi
- Asia Akter
- Labony Akter
- Ms Mili Akter
- Mst Shamima Akter
- Setu Akter
- Tahmina Akter
- Md Sabdar Ali
- Mst Jesmin Ara
- Edyta Bujnik
- Apu Chandra Das
- Many Das
- Nurjahan Fatema
- Md Riyad Hasan
- Soniya Jannat
- Mst Amena Khatun
- Most Nurnahar Khatun
- William Mossman
- Robyn Murdoch
- Zannaton Naeem
- Evrikleia Ntasi
- Silvia Alonso Rodriguez
- Tripty Roy
- Most Abida Sultana
- Laryssa Amado
- Tanya Braune
- Eilidh Cowan
- Steve Ellis
- Ellie Farrow
- Hannah Lombardi
- Niko Ovenden
- Tamara Sabri
- Md Khalid Sultan
- Jim Ajioka
- Khondker Abdul Awal
- Arul Baradi
- Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- Camilla Faidutti
- Joerg Feldmann
- Louise Hair
- Sharifuddin Hasnat
- Shahid Akhter Hossain
- Md Mominul Islam
- Shafiul Islam
- Joe Lavallée
- Fazila Tun-Nesa Malik
- Nick Mascie-Taylor
- Md Sirajul Islam
- Laurie Savage
- Sara Shazad
- Lalitha Sundaram
- Aloka Tulukdar
- Kim Van Daalen
- Tanvir Chowdhury
- Nurul Huda
- Samia Naz Isha
- Riaz Hossain Khan
- Aliva Salmeen
- Zeeba Zahra Sultana
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088338
- Journal volume & issue
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Vol. 15,
no. 1
Abstract
Purpose Bangladesh has experienced a rapid epidemiological transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in recent decades. There is, however, limited evidence about multidimensional determinants of NCDs in this population. The BangladEsh Longitudinal Investigation of Emerging Vascular and nonvascular Events (BELIEVE) study is a household-based prospective cohort study established to investigate biological, behavioural, environmental and broader determinants of NCDs.Participants Between January 2016 and March 2020, 73 883 participants (aged 11 years or older) were recruited from 30 817 households across urban, urban-poor (‘slum’) and rural settings in Bangladesh. A structured questionnaire was administered by trained personnel recording participants’ demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural, medical, environmental and other factors. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were recorded for each participant. Biological specimens were collected and aliquoted for long-term storage and analysis.Findings to date Of the 73 883 study participants (mean [SD] baseline age: 39 [15] years), 43 470 (59%) were females, and 38 848 (52%) had no or only primary-level education. Focusing only on the 65 822 adult participants aged 20–79 years at baseline, 15 411 (23%) reported being diagnosed with hypertension; 10 578 (16%) with type 2 diabetes and 7624 (12%) with hypercholesterolaemia. Age and sex-standardised prevalences of these conditions were much higher in urban than slum and rural settings. Overall, the mean (SD) body mass index (BMI) was 25 (5) kg/m2, with 10 442 (16%) participants aged 20–79, classified as obese (ie, BMI≥30 kg/m2). Mean BMI was also higher in urban than slum and rural areas.Future plans The collection of information during the baseline visit was completed in 2020. Regular longitudinal follow-up is ongoing for ascertainment and adjudication of a range of fatal and non-fatal health outcomes among participants. This cohort will provide a powerful resource to investigate multidimensional determinants of incident NCDs across diverse settings in Bangladesh, helping to advance scientific discovery and public health action in an archetypal low-middle-income country with pressing public health needs.
