The overall pathogenesis of bladder cancer is still unknown. The microbiota has been shown to play a critical role in the development of different types of cancer. Nevertheless, the role of the microbiota in the development of bladder cancer is still not fully discovered. This review aims to assess the urinary, vaginal, and intestinal microbiota analyzed from the bacterial, viral, and fungal compartments of bladder cancer patients compared with the microbiota of controls to reveal possible differences. A systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines will be performed. The findings will be presented in narrative form as well as in tables and graphs.
