Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Young

Abstract

Background: The incidence of coronary artery disease in the young is constantly rising. Understanding the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in young adults is necessary. This study aims to assess the procedural outcomes, inhospital and 1 year clinical outcomes of PCI in the young (<40-year-old). Methods: This is a prospective, observational study carried out in the Department of Cardiology at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences. The study included all subjects ≤40 years of age and has undergone PCI from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 in our institute. Results: The study included 207 patients with a mean age of 36.01 ± 3.72 years and 72.46% males. Acute coronary syndrome was seen in 79.2% patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) being the most common. The median time interval of presentation in STEMI was 12–48 h (73%). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) over 1-year were seen in 3.8% patients. Severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction at presentation was an independent factor for acute (P = 0.04) and 1-year mortality (P = 0.0058). It was also associated with angina and chronic heart failure (CHF). Slow flow was significantly associated with mortality (P = 0.0254) and adverse 1 year outcomes. It was significantly associated with persistent LV dysfunction and recurrent CHF. Conclusion: Success rate after PCI is high in the young. 1 year outcome is very good with low mortality and MACE events. Severe LV dysfunction and slow flow are independent predictors of poor prognosis at 1 year.

Keywords

• coronary artery disease
• outcomes
• percutaneous coronary intervention
• young