Energy-Efficient Mixtures Suitable for 3D Technologies

Abstract

Compositions of fine-grained concrete mixtures that provide the minimum required strength values in 1 day (7.5 MPa) have been developed. A comparison was made of the test results of the properties of samples printed on a 3D printer with samples made according to the same recipes on a vibrating platform. A laboratory printer was designed and constructed to study the properties of extruded mixtures. The method was also proposed for measuring concrete mixes’ structural strength. Analysis of experimental data allowed the establishment of the features of the influence of the mineral additives and slag–alkaline binders for a comparison of basic physical and mechanical properties of concretes for 3D printing. It has been experimentally shown that possible undercompaction of the fine-grained mixtures formed on a 3D printer and decrease of properties are compensated by the introduction of hardening activator and superplasticizer additives. The novelty of this work lies in determining the comparative effect of various products of technogenic origin on the properties of mixtures for 3D printing.

Keywords

• Portland cement
• fine-grained concrete
• granulated blast furnace slag
• fly ash
• limestone powder
• granite dust