Designing a sustainable biofuel supply chain by considering carbon policies: a case study in Iran

Abstract

Highlights Developing a multi-period and multi-objective model for BSC design. Considering the proposed model’s economic, environmental, and social components of the sustainable development paradigm. Considering the effects of various carbon regulatory policies on strategic and operational decisions. Weighting social indicators using the fuzzy best-worth method. Validate the proposed model using a real-life case study in Iran.

Keywords

• Renewable energy
• Biofuel supply chain design
• Economic growth
• Social consideration
• Carbon policies