Prophylactic supplementation with Bifidobacterium infantis or its metabolite inosine attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury
Hao Zhang,
Jiawan Wang,
Jianghua Shen,
Siqi Chen,
Hailong Yuan,
Xuan Zhang,
Xu Liu,
Ying Yu,
Xinran Li,
Zeyu Gao,
Yaohui Wang,
Jun Wang,
Moshi Song
Affiliations
Hao Zhang
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Jiawan Wang
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Jianghua Shen
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Siqi Chen
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Hailong Yuan
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Xuan Zhang
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Xu Liu
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Ying Yu
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Xinran Li
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Zeyu Gao
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Yaohui Wang
Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering Henan University Kaifeng China
Jun Wang
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Moshi Song
Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Abstract Emerging evidence has demonstrated the profound impact of the gut microbiome on cardiovascular diseases through the production of diverse metabolites. Using an animal model of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury, we found that the prophylactic administration of a well‐known probiotic, Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis), exhibited cardioprotective effects in terms of preserving cardiac contractile function and preventing adverse cardiac remodeling following I/R and that these cardioprotective effects were recapitulated by its metabolite inosine. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed that inosine mitigated I/R‐induced cardiac inflammation and cell death. Mechanistic investigations elucidated that inosine suppressed the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and reduced the numbers of dendritic cells and natural killer cells, achieved through the activation of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) that when inhibited abrogated the cardioprotective effects of inosine. Additionally, in vitro studies using C2C12 myoblasts revealed that inosine attenuated cell death by serving as an alternative carbon source for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation through the purine salvage pathway when subjected to oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation that simulated myocardial I/R injury. Likewise, inosine reversed the I/R‐induced decrease in ATP levels in mouse hearts. Taken together, our findings indicate that B. infantis or its metabolite inosine exerts cardioprotective effects against I/R by suppressing cardiac inflammation and attenuating cardiac cell death, suggesting prophylactic therapeutic options for acute ischemic cardiac injury.
