Water-Soluble <i>Saccharina latissima</i> Polysaccharides and Relation of Their Structural Characteristics with <i>In Vitro</i> Immunostimulatory and Hypocholesterolemic Activities
Ana S. P. Moreira,
Diana Gaspar,
Sónia S. Ferreira,
Alexandra Correia,
Manuel Vilanova,
Marie-Mathilde Perrineau,
Philip D. Kerrison,
Claire M. M. Gachon,
Maria Rosário Domingues,
Manuel A. Coimbra,
Filipe M. Coreta-Gomes,
Cláudia Nunes
Affiliations
Ana S. P. Moreira
LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Diana Gaspar
LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Sónia S. Ferreira
LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Alexandra Correia
i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health and IBMC—Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
Manuel Vilanova
i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health and IBMC—Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
Marie-Mathilde Perrineau
Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UK
Philip D. Kerrison
Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UK
Claire M. M. Gachon
Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UK
Maria Rosário Domingues
LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Manuel A. Coimbra
LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Filipe M. Coreta-Gomes
LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Cláudia Nunes
CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Brown macroalgae are an important source of polysaccharides, mainly fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides (FCSPs), associated with several biological activities. However, the structural diversity and structure–function relationships for their bioactivities are still undisclosed. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize the chemical structure of water-soluble Saccharina latissima polysaccharides and evaluate their immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic activities, helping to pinpoint a structure–activity relationship. Alginate, laminarans (F1, neutral glucose-rich polysaccharides), and two fractions (F2 and F3) of FCSPs (negatively charged) were studied. Whereas F2 is rich in uronic acids (45 mol%) and fucose (29 mol%), F3 is rich in fucose (59 mol%) and galactose (21 mol%). These two fractions of FCSPs showed immunostimulatory activity on B lymphocytes, which could be associated with the presence of sulphate groups. Only F2 exhibited a significant effect in reductions in in vitro cholesterol’s bioaccessibility attributed to the sequestration of bile salts. Therefore, S. latissima FCSPs were shown to have potential as immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic functional ingredients, where their content in uronic acids and sulphation seem to be relevant for the bioactive and healthy properties.
