Causes associated with mortality from COPD in the Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Dr. Salvador Allende"

Abstract

Introduction: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory entity characterized by a partially reversible limitation of airflow. Its main risk factor is smoking and there are multiple factors associated with its high mortality. Objective: to identify the factors associated with death in COPD patients belonging to the Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Dr. Salvador Allende”, in the period from January 1 to December 31, 2019. Method: an analytical observational epidemiological study of cases and controls was carried out. The cases were deaths (n=34) with a diagnosis of COPD, and the controls were living patients (n=59) with this diagnosis confirmed at discharge. Demographic and clinical variables were considered. The variables were considered: age, sex, smoking, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cor pulmonale, cancer, degree of COPD, cause of hospitalization, site of hospitalization and need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Descriptive statistical methods, univariate and multivariate analysis were used to calculate risk, and logistic regression to assess confounding factors. Results: there was a predominance of patients over 65 years of age, and females. The variables associated with death from COPD were: cancer comorbidity (OR: 5.1; 95% CI: 1.2-22.4; p=0.032) and need for invasive mechanical ventilation (OR: 6.5; CI 95%: 1.1-38.3; p=0.04). Conclusions: cancer comorbidity and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation behave as risk factors for mortality in patients with COPD.

Keywords

• enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
• epoc
• mortalidad
• factores de riesgo
• cáncer
• ventilación mecánica invasiva