Acute and long-term exercise differently modulate plasma levels of oxylipins, endocannabinoids, and their analogues in young sedentary adults: A sub-study and secondary analyses from the ACTIBATE randomized controlled-trialResearch in Context
Lucas Jurado-Fasoli,
Xinyu Di,
Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado,
Wei Yang,
Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto,
Lourdes Ortiz-Alvarez,
Elke Krekels,
Amy C. Harms,
Thomas Hankemeier,
Milena Sch..nke,
Concepcion M. Aguilera,
Jose M. Llamas-Elvira,
Isabelle Kohler,
Patrick C.N. Rensen,
Jonatan R. Ruiz,
Borja Martinez-Tellez
Affiliations
Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
Xinyu Di
Department of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
Wei Yang
Department of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto
PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Granada, Spain
Lourdes Ortiz-Alvarez
PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
Elke Krekels
Department of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
Amy C. Harms
Department of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
Thomas Hankemeier
Department of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
Milena Sch..nke
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
Concepcion M. Aguilera
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, ..úJos.. Mataix Verd....Ñ Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain; Instituto de Investigaci..n Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatolog.ía de la Obesidad y la Nutrici..n (CIBEROBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
Jose M. Llamas-Elvira
Instituto de Investigaci..n Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
Isabelle Kohler
Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Patrick C.N. Rensen
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
Jonatan R. Ruiz
PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigaci..n Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain; Corresponding author.
Borja Martinez-Tellez
PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almer.ía, Almer.ía, Spain; Corresponding author.
Summary: Background: Fatty acid-derived lipid mediators including oxylipins, endocannabinoids (eCBs), and their analogues, have emerged as key metabolites in the inflammatory and immune response to physiological stressors. Methods: This report was based on a sub-study and secondary analyses the ACTIBATE single-center unblinded randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02365129). The study was performed in the Sport and Health University Research Institute and the Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital of the University of Granada. Eligible participants were young, sedentary adults with no chronic diseases. Here, we performed both an acute endurance and resistance exercise sub-studies (n.ß=.ß14 and 17 respectively), and a 24-week supervised exercise intervention, combining endurance and resistance exercise training at moderate-intensity (MOD-EX) or vigorous-intensity (VIG-EX) exercise groups, in young sedentary adults. Randomization was performed by unrestricted randomization. Plasma levels of oxylipins, eCBs, and their analogues were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Findings: Both endurance and resistance exercise increased by.ß+50% the plasma levels of dihomo-..-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid (AA) omega-6 derived oxylipins, as well as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid omega-3 derived after 3 and 120.ßmin of the bout of exercise (all ..2.ß....ß0.219 and P.ß..±.ß0.039). These exercise modalities also increased the levels of anandamide and eCBs analogues (+25%). 145 young sedentary adults were assigned to a control (CON, n.ß=.ß54), a MOD-EX (n.ß=.ß48) or a VIG-EX (n.ß=.ß43). 102 participants were included in the final long-term analyses (CON, n.ß=.ß36; MOD-EX, n.ß=.ß33; and VIG-EX, n.ß=.ß33) of the trial. After 24-week of supervised exercise, MOD-EX decreased plasma levels of omega-6 oxylipins, concretely linoleic acid (LA) and adrenic acid derived oxylipins, and the eCBs analogues OEA and LEA in comparison to the CON (all P.ß..±.ß0.021). VIG-EX decreased LA-derived oxylipins and LEA compared to CON. No relevant adverse events were recorded. Interpretation: Endurance and resistance exercises acutely increased plasma levels of oxylipins, eCBs, and their analogues, whereas 24 weeks of exercise training decreased fasting plasma levels of omega-6 oxylipins, and eCBs analogues in young, sedentary adults. Funding: See Acknowledgments section.
