Infection and Drug Resistance (Feb 2024)

The Recent Transmission and Associated Risk Factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Golmud City, China

  • Song Z,
  • He W,
  • Cao X,
  • Ma A,
  • He P,
  • Zhao B,
  • Wang S,
  • Liu C,
  • Zhao Y

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 17
pp. 417 – 425

Abstract

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Zexuan Song,1 Wencong He,1 Xiaolong Cao,1 Aijing Ma,1 Ping He,1 Bing Zhao,1 Shengfen Wang,1 Chunfa Liu,1,2 Yanlin Zhao1 1National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China; 2Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Huilongguan, Changping, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chunfa Liu; Yanlin Zhao, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a severe public health problem globally, and it is essential to comprehend the transmission pattern to control tuberculosis. Herein, we evaluated the drug-resistant characteristics, recent transmission, and associated risk factors of TB in Golmud, Qinghai, China.Methods: In this study, we performed a population-based study of patients diagnosed with TB in Golmud from 2013 to 2018. Drug-susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing were performed on 133 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. The genomic clustering rate was calculated to evaluate the level of recent transmission. Risk factors were identified by logistic regression analysis.Results: Our results showed that 46.97% (62/132) of strains were phylogenetically clustered and formed into 23 transmission clusters, suggesting a high recent transmission of TB in the area. 12.78% (17/133) strains were multidrug-resistant/rifampicin tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB), with a high drug-resistant burden. Based on drug resistance gene analysis, we found 23 strains belonging to genotype MDR/RR-TB, where some strains may have borderline mutations. Among these strains, 65.2% (15/23) were found within putative transmission clusters. Additionally, risk factor analysis showed that recent transmission of TB happened more in patients with Tibetan nationality or older age.Conclusion: Overall our study indicates that the recent transmissions of MTB strains, especially genotypic MDR/RR strains, drive the tuberculosis epidemic in Golmud, which could contribute to developing effective TB prevention and control strategies.Keywords: tuberculosis, recent transmission, risk factor, whole-genome sequencing

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