Characterization of the patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, Baracoa, Guantanamo, in the period 2017-2019

Abstract

Introduction: morbidity and mortality by myocardial infarction has not been characterized so far in the General Teaching Hospital “Dr. Octavio de la Concepcion y la Pedraja” in Baracoa, Guantanamo. Objective: to characterize the morbidity and mortality by myocardial infarction on the institution in the triennium 2017-2019. Method: a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out in the patients diagnosed with infarction in the triennium 2017-2019 (n=75). Were taken into account the following variables: age, gender, clinical characteristics of infarction (painful symptoms, location, prognostic and clinical classification, complications, status of the patient at the time of discharge and cause of death). Results: 72.0 % of the patients were male, and the 37.3 % had an age ranging from 50 to 59 years old. Lethality represented a 14.7 %. The anterior left ventricle wall infarction was the most common (53.4 %). 28.0 % presented a class IV type, according to the Killip-Kimball and the Forrester classifications. 49.3 % presented high risks according to the GRACE score. 88.0 % had complications, the most common of them being the mechanical type (60.0 %). The most common cause of death was the hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy caused by secondary atrial fibrillation (54.5 %). Conclusions: a reference to describe the myocardial infarction in the province was elaborated.

Keywords

• infarto agudo del miocardio
• cardiopatía isquémica
• enfermedad cardiovascular