EFFECTS OF HEMOTOXIC SNAKE BITE ENVENOMATION ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS VARIABILITY IN PREDICTING COMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Background. Snake bite envenomation is a major public health problem in India with a high mortality rate. The major complications following a hemotoxic snake bite are disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), shock, acute kidney injury (AKI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and coagulopathy. The study explores a possible correlation of the haematological parameters studied to complications like DIC, AKI, acute renal failure (ARF), ARDS, shock and gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. Objective. The aim of the study was to find out the effect of snakebite envenomation on the major haematological parameters of the body in relation to complications. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted during a period of 18 months. 150 patients were included in the study after obtaining their informed consents. Data collection was done using a proforma. The study also compared clotting time (CT) by capillary tube method and whole blood clotting time at 20 minutes (WBCT20). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results. Among the people with complications, the majority (52%) of participants had AKI, 26% of them requiring dialysis, 16.7% participants had GI bleed, 11.3% participants had shock and 10% participants had DIC. Conclusions. A prolonged bleeding time was found to be one of the most helpful haematological parameters in predicting shock and AKI. Clotting time by both capillary tube and WBCT20 methods were comparable in predicting complications. Objective: The objective of this study was to find the effect of snakebite envenomation on the major haematological parameters of the body. Material and method: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 18months. A total of 150 patients were included in the study after obtaining informed consent. Data collection was done using a proforma. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Among the people with complications, the majority (52%) of participants had AKI, followed by 26% participants who required Dialysis, 16.7% participants had GI bleed, 11.3% participants had the shock and 10% participants had DIC. Conclusion: A prolonged bleeding time was found to be one of the most helpful haematological parameters in predicting the shock and AKI.

Keywords

• hemotoxic snake bite
• acute kidney injury
• shock
• clotting time
• bleeding time