Bìznes Inform (Jan 2022)
Analyzing the Theoretical Approaches to the Efficiency of Regional Clusters: The National Features
Abstract
The innovative economy as the basis of post-industrial global development initiates qualitative changes in the system of organization and business management, which must adapt to the constantly changing conditions of competition at both the State and the international levels. Accordingly, economic entities are looking for new forms of interaction and are actively involved in the integrated structures of the present day. Thus, at the international level there are various strategic alliances, consortia, conglomerates and financial-industrial groups. At the national level, integrated cluster structures are being formed that contribute to increasing the competitiveness of both certain sectors of the national economy and the country as a whole. Each formation must function effectively. A number of studies be needed to measure and evaluate the efficiency of regional cluster formations. The article is aimed at systematizing and improving approaches to assessing the efficiency of regional cluster formations, which will allow to develop new approaches to efficiency assessment, identify new types of efficiency, consider indicators and form new groups of them to assess the efficiency of the cluster. The scientific article reflects the analysis of theoretical approaches to assessing the efficiency of regional clusters; discloses the methodology and stages of their formation; provides different approaches to the definition of the concept of «efficiency» in the context of the essential significance of this concept; provides systematization of approaches to assessing the efficiency of cluster formations based on methods for assessing competitiveness, evaluating innovative projects, calculating key indicators and quality methods. A system of qualitative criteria for assessing the efficiency of the regional cluster is allocated, which is based on economic, scientific, technical, social and environmental groups of indicators. The approaches to determining the types of efficiency of cluster formations and groups of indicators that can be used to compute this efficiency are systematized. Thus, the research is completed and rounded. However, it should be borne in mind that not all cluster enterprises can have a positive dynamics of financial-economic activities in different periods of time. In this regard, it is necessary to assess the efficiency of the structural components of the regional cluster in the context of the influence of external factors and develop a strategy for their development, which will allow timely detection of structural changes in indicators, develop new methods of assessment and learn from the experience of developed countries.
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