Characterization of the Phytochemical Composition and Bioactivities of <i>Anacyclus maroccanus</i> Ball. and <i>Anacyclus radiatus</i> Loisel Aerial Parts: Preliminary Evidence for the Possible Development of Moroccan Plants
Saida Sissi,
Silvia Di Giacomo,
Claudio Ferrante,
Paola Angelini,
Alberto Macone,
Anna Maria Giusti,
Chiara Toniolo,
Annabella Vitalone,
Aghraz Abdellah,
Mustapha Larhsini,
Luigi Menghini,
Mohammed Markouk,
Gabriela Mazzanti,
Antonella Di Sotto
Affiliations
Saida Sissi
Laboratory of Agri-Food, Biotechnology and Valorization of Plant Resources, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
Silvia Di Giacomo
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
Claudio Ferrante
Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, University “Gabriele d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Paola Angelini
Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy
Alberto Macone
Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
Anna Maria Giusti
Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
Chiara Toniolo
Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
Annabella Vitalone
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
Aghraz Abdellah
Laboratory of Agri-Food, Biotechnology and Valorization of Plant Resources, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
Mustapha Larhsini
Laboratory of Agri-Food, Biotechnology and Valorization of Plant Resources, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
Luigi Menghini
Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, University “Gabriele d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Mohammed Markouk
Laboratory of Agri-Food, Biotechnology and Valorization of Plant Resources, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
Gabriela Mazzanti
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
Antonella Di Sotto
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
In the present study, the phytochemical composition and bioactivities of A. maroccanus (AM) and A. radiatus (AR), two ecotypes collected in the Demnate road and Essaouira regions, respectively, were studied to highlight a pharmacological interest and to enable possible pharmaceutical development. To this end, methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts were prepared for each ecotype by fractionation; next, their phytochemical composition was evaluated by spectrophotometric and chromatographic analysis. Moreover, in line with the available evidence for Anacyclus spp. and their traditional use, a screening of bioactivities, including antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antiglycative, chelating, and antibacterial activities, was performed. The extracts were characterized by high amounts of polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids, especially in the methanolic extracts; these samples were also enriched in carotenoids despite a lower chlorophyll content. Chlorogenic acid and rutin were the major identified compounds. The extracts also showed interesting hypoglycemic, antiglycative, and antibacterial properties, although with differences in efficacy and potency. Present results provide more scientific basis to the ethnopharmacological uses of Anacyclus spp. and suggest a further interest in AM and AR ecotypes as natural sources of bioactive compounds and/or phytocomplexes for possible pharmaceutical and nutraceutical developments.
