In vivo confocal microscopic characteristics of crystalline keratopathy in patients with monoclonal gammopathy: Report of two cases

Abstract

In this paper, we report two cases of a 62-year-old patient presented with blurred vision and a 45-year-old male diagnosed with multiple myeloma who was referred from the Department of Oncology. Slit-lamp examination, in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), systemic work-up and serum protein electrophoresis were obtained. In both patients, slit-lamp findings revealed bilateral diffuse subepithelial and anterior stromal crystals and IVCM showed highly reflective deposits in the corneal epithelium and stroma. The first patient was eventually diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance following bone marrow biopsy and systemic evaluation. Unusual corneal deposits may constitute the first sign of monoclonal gammopathies. IVCM may be helpful in showing the crystalline nature of the corneal deposits and guiding the clinician to the diagnosis of gammopathies. Both ophthalmologists and oncologists should be aware that corneal deposits may herald a life-threatening hematologic disease.

Keywords

• Glaucoma
• pressure-to-cornea index
• visual field
• Combined trabeculectomy
• glaucoma tube shunt surgery
• long-term results
• ocular perfusion pressure
• open-angle glaucoma
• systemic hypertension
• Anterior stromal opacities
• femtosecond anterior lamellar keratoplasty
• spectral domain optical coherence tomography
• Anesthesia
• cataract
• phacoemulsification
• randomized control trail
• Cataract
• intraocular lens
• optical low-coherence reflectometry
• partial coherence interferometry
• Corneal blindness
• community eye banking
• keratoplasty
• Corneal deposits
• in vivo confocal microscopy
• monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
• multiple myeloma