Structural and Vibrational Investigations of Mixtures of Cocoa Butter (CB), Cocoa Butter Equivalent (CBE) and Anhydrous Milk Fat (AMF) to Understand Fat Bloom Process

Abstract

Some studies found that the proportions of cocoa butter (CB), cocoa butter equivalent (CBE) and milk fatty acid (AMF) tend to influence the blooming delay when mixing them. The goal of our research is to determine the effects of the proportion of CB, CBE and AMF on the structural organization of the final mixtures. X-ray, DSC, MIR and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the structural features and the vibrational modes of four mixtures: CB + 0.5AMF, CB + AMF, CB + 0.5AMF + CBE and CB + AMF + CBE. At room temperature, the triglycerides are ingredients of CB, and CBE and AMF do not fully exhibit the known crystalline forms V or VI, unlike a recent CB sample. Part of these triglycerides is in the form IV instead. The presence of the latter seems to be a key parameter that favors the deceleration of the transformation to the form VI, which is responsible for the development of fat bloom.

Keywords

• cocoa butter (CB)
• cocoa butter equivalent (CBE)
• milk fatty acid (AMF)
• MIR and Raman spectroscopy
• X-ray diffraction