Management of table salt consumption in hypertensive patients (review)

Abstract

Purpose. The review is aimed to light the current evidence data about the effectiveness of dietary interventions on reducing table salt consumption and discussing the appropriateness of dietary recommendations prescribed by physicians to hypertensive patients. Materials and methods. The analysis of the specialized scientific literature over the past 10 years, cited by the systems of Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus considering the results of at least 20 randomized international clinical trials with more than 300.000 participants regarding table salt consumption, hypertension risk and cardiovascular outcomes has been done. Results. The average consumption of kitchen salt in Ukraine as well as all worldwide is excessive and associated with high cardiovascular mortality rates. The strategic approaches of dietary intervention management in reduction of table salt consumption Ukraine are outlined. Conclusions. The compliance of hypertensive patients to low-sodium diet is considered as highly effective and cost-effective non-pharmacological antihypertensive treatment but requires doctors and related professionals to provide the detailed explanation of this diet to patients.

Keywords

• arterial hypertension
• table salt
• blood pressure
• potassium
• sodium