Hematological characteristics of Parrot fish (Cichlasoma synspilum ♀ × Cichlasoma citrinellum ♂) fed diet supplemented by astaxanthin and bile salt exposed to silver nanoparticles

Abstract

The aim of this study was to improve some hematological parameters of the parrot fish (Cichlasoma synspilum ♀ × Cichlasoma citrinellum ♂) when exposed to silver nanoparticle (AgNPs). 200 specimens of parrot fish (mean weight 25.5±6.2 g) were randomly distributed in three different treatments in triplicates and fed with control (basic diet), enriched rations with astaxanthin, and enriched rations with astaxanthin and bile salt for 90 days. Then, the fish were subjected to waterborne AgNPs, 250 μg/L for 5 days. Before and after AgNPs exposure, blood was collected. At the end of the feeding trial, only the white blood cell counts (WBCs) in fish fed on astaxanthin alone or in combination with bile salt were significantly increased compared to the control fish (P0.05), After AgNPs exposure, the hematocrit and hemoglobin values in fish fed on different diets and WBCs only in fish fed on control diet were significantly reduced compared to time zero, before AgNPs exposure (P<0.05). The results showed that astaxanthin alone or in combination bile salt in the diet could partially improve the destructive effects of waterborne AgNPs.

Keywords

• astaxanthin
• bile salt
• haematology
• parrot fish
• silver nanoparticle