Patient Preference and Adherence (Aug 2022)

Impact of Pharmaceutical Education on Medication Adherence and Its Clinical Efficacy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Systemic Arterial Hypertension

  • Contreras-Vergara A,
  • Sifuentes-Franco S,
  • Haack S,
  • Graciano-Machuca O,
  • Rodriguez-Carrizalez AD,
  • López-Contreras AK,
  • Reyes-Pérez IV,
  • Huerta-Olvera SG

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 16
pp. 1999 – 2007

Abstract

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Abelardo Contreras-Vergara,1,* Sonia Sifuentes-Franco,2,3,* Sally Haack,4 Omar Graciano-Machuca,2 Adolfo Daniel Rodriguez-Carrizalez,5 Ana Karen López-Contreras,1 Itzel Viridiana Reyes-Pérez,6 Selene G Huerta-Olvera1,7 1PhD in Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; 2Department of Health Sciences, Los Valles Campus (Cuvalles), University of Guadalajara, Ameca, Jalisco, Mexico; 3Department of Health Sciences - Disease as an Individual Process, Tonalá Campus, University of Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico; 4Drake University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Des Moines, IA, USA; 5Department of Physiology, Health Sciences University Center, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; 6Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; 7Medical and Life Sciences Department, La Ciénega University Center (CUCI), University of Guadalajara, Ocotlán, Jalisco, Mexico*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Selene G Huerta-Olvera, Medical and Life Sciences Department, La Ciénega University Center, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlán, Jalisco, 47810, Mexico, Tel +52 392 9259400, Email [email protected]: To evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical education on medication adherence in patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Systemic Arterial Hypertension.Patients and Methods: This randomized clinical trial enrolled patients with a diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Systemic Arterial Hypertension treated in an internal medicine outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital. One hundred and three patients were randomly assigned to the study groups; 51 to the control group and 52 to the intervention group with a 6 months follow-up. Medication adherence was assessed using the Morisky 8-item medication adherence scale. To improve patient adherence to treatment, a wallet card was provided with an up-to-date list of prescribed medications along with recommendations for follow-up care.Results: One hundred and seventy-nine patients were screened for eligibility, of which 103 (57.5%) participated in the study. The intervention group showed a statistically significant decrease in capillary glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglycerides compared to the control group. The frequencies on medication adherence levels at 3 and 6 months in the control group remained similar to baseline, while in the intervention group the frequency of high adherence increased significantly at 6 months (8.7% to 43.5%).Conclusion: A high percentage of patients are not achieving optimal control of their diabetes. Medication adherence rates were between 45– 50% in patients at the baseline of the study, but after receiving education and support from a pharmacist, the intervened group showed a significant increase in their adherence.Keywords: adherence to treatment, chronic disease, health education, morisky medication adherence scale

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