EPJ Web of Conferences (Jan 2019)

Updated Calibration of the LOFAR Low-Band Antennas

  • Mulrey K.,
  • Bonardi A.,
  • Buitink S.,
  • Corstanje A.,
  • Falcke H.,
  • Hare B.M.,
  • Hörandel J.,
  • Mitra P.,
  • Nelles A.,
  • Rachen J.P.,
  • Rossetto L.,
  • Schellart P.,
  • Scholten O.,
  • ter Veen S.,
  • Thoudam S.,
  • Trinh T.N.G.,
  • Winchen T

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921604006
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 216
p. 04006

Abstract

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The LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) telescope measures radio emission from air showers. In order to interpret the data, an absolute, frequency dependent calibration is required. Due to a growing need for a better understanding of the measured frequency spectrum, we revisit the calibration of the LOFAR antennas in the range of 30—80 MHz. Using the galactic radio emission and a detailed model of the LOFAR signal chain, we find a calibration that provides an absolute energy scale and allows us to study frequency dependent features in measured air shower signals.