A Review on Microbial Products and Their Perspective Application as Antimicrobial Agents
Alka Rani,
Khem Chand Saini,
Felix Bast,
Sunita Varjani,
Sanjeet Mehariya,
Shashi Kant Bhatia,
Neeta Sharma,
Christiane Funk
Affiliations
Alka Rani
Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
Khem Chand Saini
Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
Felix Bast
Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
Sunita Varjani
Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, India
Sanjeet Mehariya
Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
Shashi Kant Bhatia
Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
Neeta Sharma
ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Trisaia, SS Jonica 106, km 419 + 500, 75026 Rotondella, Italy
Christiane Funk
Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
Microorganisms including actinomycetes, archaea, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and microalgae are an auspicious source of vital bioactive compounds. In this review, the existing research regarding antimicrobial molecules from microorganisms is summarized. The potential antimicrobial compounds from actinomycetes, particularly Streptomyces spp.; archaea; fungi including endophytic, filamentous, and marine-derived fungi, mushroom; and microalgae are briefly described. Furthermore, this review briefly summarizes bacteriocins, halocins, sulfolobicin, etc., that target multiple-drug resistant pathogens and considers next-generation antibiotics. This review highlights the possibility of using microorganisms as an antimicrobial resource for biotechnological, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications. However, more investigations are required to isolate, separate, purify, and characterize these bioactive compounds and transfer these primary drugs into clinically approved antibiotics.
