The role of the primitive mining in providing civilization advancement of the Stone Age communities is shown. The ways of the first minerals development are explored. The technological techniques and mining tools used by miners of the Neolithic flint extraction mines as well as the methods of clay extraction and usage are analyzed. The formation of the established mining communities and their role in obtaining and sharing professional experience is researched. Attention is drawn to the insufficient considering the factors of primitive mining activity in the developing historical scientific notations about the late Stone Age social development.
