Scientific Reports (Feb 2024)

Facial asymmetry of the hard and soft tissues in skeletal Class I, II, and III patients

  • Jialing Li,
  • Sujuan Wu,
  • Li Mei,
  • Juan Wen,
  • Jamie Marra,
  • Lang Lei,
  • Huang Li

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55107-4
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 1
pp. 1 – 11

Abstract

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Abstract To investigate and compare the facial asymmetry (hard and soft tissues) among skeletal Class I, II, and III patients. A total of 221 subjects, including skeletal Class I (n = 80), skeletal Class II (n = 75), and skeletal Class III (n = 66), were included in the study. CBCT, 22 skeletal landmarks, and 10 soft tissue landmarks were used for the measurements and the asymmetry index was calculated to assess the facial asymmetry. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman correlation analysis. The skeletal Class III patients presented greater asymmetry than Class II patients for 10 hard tissue landmarks and 3 soft tissue landmarks (p 0.86). The ANS and Me in 21.3% patients deviated to contralateral sides. The skeletal Class III patients had more facial asymmetry than the Class II patients. Soft tissues showed similar asymmetry as the underlying hard tissues rather than a compensation of the hard tissue asymmetry. The inconsistency in the deviation of Me and ANS may exacerbate facial asymmetry.

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