Nonischemic ST segment elevation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to chest wall deformity from kyphoscoliosis

Abstract

Aleš Blinc1, Mirjam Gubenšek1, Mišo Šabovič1, Marko Grmek2, Pavel Berden31Department of Vascular Diseases, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine, 3Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaAbstract: A 57-year-old male was admitted with suspected acute coronary syndrome. He reported experiencing moderate chest pain when walking during the day prior to admission, but had very prominent ST segment elevations in the precordial electrocardiography (EKG) leads. A physical examination revealed remarkable severe kyphoscoliosis with chest deformity. The patient’s cardiac troponin levels remained normal, while cardiac ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of the chest confirmed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with severe thickening of the interventricular septum. Ischemic heart disease was ruled out by myocardial perfusion imaging with 99mTc-MIBI during rest and dipyridamole-induced stress without showing irreversible or reversible myocardial ischemia. Our diagnosis was that the chest pain was noncardiac in origin and that the pronounced ST segment elevations in the precordial EKG leads reflected the severely hypertrophic interventricular septum through the normally thick left ventricular free wall. The patient’s chest wall deformity brought his septum and the ventricular free wall nearly parallel to the left side of the chest wall, allowing for complete expression of the reciprocal EKG pattern of septal hypertrophy. We suggest that EKG findings should always be interpreted with the chest wall shape being kept in mind.Keywords: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, EKG, ST segment elevation