Eruptive xanthoma as a warning sign of uncontrolled hypertriglyceridemia presenting with acute pancreatitis and uncontrolled type II diabetes mellitus: A case report

Abstract

Key Clinical Message Managing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in individuals with severe dyslipidemia necessitates a comprehensive approach. While rehydration and continuous insulin infusion are fundamental components of DKA management due to the underlying insulin deficiency, the presence of severe hyperlipidemia with eruptive xanthomas warrants additional consideration. Early initiation of lipid‐lowering agents can expedite the resolution of cutaneous lesions and substantially mitigate the risk of severe complications such as pancreatitis, along with attenuating long‐term cardiovascular risks. Abstract Xanthomas are the benign lesions which are generated by localized lipid deposits in the skin, tendons, and subcutaneous tissue. They appear clinically as yellowish papules, nodules, or plaques. Acute pancreatitis and eruptive xanthomas can occur as complications of hyperlipidemia. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in one of the risk factors for hypertriglyceridemia. Early recognition and treatment of the eruptive xanthomatosis as a warning sign of hypertriglyceridemia can decrease the morbidity and mortality due to acute pancreatitis. Here, we discuss a case of 37‐years old female patient with uncontrolled type II diabetes mellitus presented with acute pancreatitis and eruptive xanthomas as result of raised triglycerides and uncontrolled diabetes.

Keywords

• eruptive xanthoma
• hypertriglyceridemia
• pancreatitis
• uncontrolled type 2 diabetes
• xanthomatosis