Comparing Different Resonant Control Approaches for Torque Ripple Minimisation in Electric Machines

Abstract

Electric machines are highly efficient and highly controllable actuators, but they do still suffer from a number of imperfections. One of them is torque ripple, which introduces high frequency harmonics into the motion. One (cost- and performance-neutral) countermeasure is to apply control that counters the torque ripple. This paper compares several single-input single-output (SISO) control approaches for feedback control of torque ripple of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM). The baseline is PI (proportional-integral) control, which does not suppress torque ripple, and the most popular control approach is proportional-integral resonant (PIR) control. Both are compared to an advanced PIR controller (PIRA), frequency modulation, a mixed sensitivity design, and an iterative learning controller (ILC). The analysis demonstrates that PIR control, mixed sensitivity state feedback, and the modulating controller achieve identical behaviour. The choice between these three options is therefore dependent on preferences for the design methodology, or on implementation factors. The PIRA and the ILC on the other hand show more sophisticated behaviour that may be advantageous for certain applications, at the expense of higher complexity.

Keywords

• electric machines
• torque ripple
• resonant control
• modulation and demodulation control
• mixed sensitivity loop shaping
• iterative learning control