Roles of the gut microbiota in human neurodevelopment and adult brain disorders

Rahul Mallick; Sanjay Basak; Ranjit K. Das; Antara Banerjee; Sujay Paul; Surajit Pathak; Asim K. Duttaroy

doi:10.3389/fnins.2024.1446700

Frontiers in Neuroscience (Nov 2024)

Roles of the gut microbiota in human neurodevelopment and adult brain disorders

Rahul Mallick,
Sanjay Basak,
Ranjit K. Das,
Antara Banerjee,
Sujay Paul,
Surajit Pathak,
Asim K. Duttaroy

Affiliations

Rahul Mallick: A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
Sanjay Basak: Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
Ranjit K. Das: Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, United States
Antara Banerjee: Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India
Sujay Paul: Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro, Mexico
Surajit Pathak: Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India
Asim K. Duttaroy: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1446700
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 18

Abstract

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Growing evidence demonstrates the connection between gut microbiota, neurodevelopment, and adult brain function. Microbial colonization occurs before the maturation of neural systems and its association with brain development. The early microbiome interactions with the gut-brain axis evolved to stimulate cognitive activities. Gut dysbiosis can lead to impaired brain development, growth, and function. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is critically required for brain structure and function, modulates gut microbiota, and impacts brain activity. This review explores how gut microbiota influences early brain development and adult functions, encompassing the modulation of neurotransmitter activity, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain barrier integrity. In addition, it highlights processes of how the gut microbiome affects fetal neurodevelopment and discusses adult brain disorders.

Published in Frontiers in Neuroscience

ISSN: 1662-4548 (Print); 1662-453X (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Website: http://www.frontiersin.org/neuroscience

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