Complete Sudden Recanalization: There Is Hope Beyond the First Pass Effect

Abstract

Background In the endovascular treatment of stroke, achieving complete recanalization in a minimum number of attempts is the main procedural objective. We aimed to explore the effect of the per pass recanalization pattern in patients with final complete recanalization. Methods We analyzed all patients admitted in our center from 2014 to 2022 with a terminal internal carotid artery or M1‐middle cerebral artery occlusion who received endovascular treatment and achieved complete recanalization (expanded thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2c–3) in our center. Complete sudden recanalization (cSR) was considered when expanded thrombolysis in cerebral infarction improved from 0–1 to 2c–3 in a single pass as opposed to complete progressive recanalization when partial recanalization (2a or 2b) was observed after interim passes. Results Among the 400 included patients with final complete recanalization, 301 (75%) showed a cSR pattern. There were no differences in baseline demographic characteristics between patients with cSR and complete progressive recanalization, including intravenous tissue plasminogen activator treatment (42.2% versus 44.4%; P=0.69). The rate of terminal carotid artery occlusion (28.6% versus 44.4%; P=0.003), median number of passes (1 [interquartile range 1—2] versus 2 [2–3]; P2 passes: 63.6%; P=0.825). Conclusion Among stroke patients with a large vessel occlusion, the cSR pattern predicted favorable outcome independently of the number of thrombectomy passes.

Keywords

• endovascular treatment
• mechanical thrombectomy
• stroke