THE CAUSES, DIRECTION AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRATIONS IN THE RURAL AREA OF BULANCAK COUNTY (GIRESUN-TURKEY)

Abstract

Bulancak is a district of Giresun Province on the Black Sea coast of Turkey. This study includes that the causes, direction and main characteristics of migrations in the rural area of Bulancak County. In this research, Bulancak County is handled in three degree starts from sea level. First level is between 0-100 meters and second level is between 100-750 meters, third and final level is between 750-1250 meters and it is analyzed in three independent levels. According to results of this study, people who lives the villages which sea level is between 0-100 meters, they are interested in rural occupation and also they work in different fields of works because of the fact that their villages are close to county center. For this reason, rate of migration is lower than others. Similarly, in the villages between 750-1200 meters (sea level) that have grain agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, beekeeping, migration of seasonal labor force which is related economic actions that are low. Opposite to, nearly starting to 100 meters, nut agriculture’s upper limit is 750 meters and the villages which is called “nut band” lose the population rapidly. The reasons of the migration are life difficulties or money squeeze, additional income needs, changing carriage system in the villages but the main or the significant reason is that the fields change from area under cultivation to above cultivation with nut agriculture. Therefore, there is no activities related to soils or fields for the people who live in rural area and revenues of the nut agriculture decrease year to year so that this factor or this cause increases the migration in this rural area.

Keywords

• Giresun
• Bulancak
• nut’s agriculture
• areas
• migration
• rural
• urban