Conservation and Preservation of archaeological sites at risk using Safe Re-burial systems(Backfilling)

Abstract

The Re-burial of archaeological sites in a safe manner is important and necessary for its conservation for the future generations from factors of damage, especially human factors (thefts-urban extension - agricultural and tourism projects - conflicts and wars - environmental pollution) , natural factors (wind - rain - changes in temperature - humidity) ,biological factors (fungi -insects - rodents - animals) and natural disasters (Earthquakes-torrents - volcanoes). The re-burial of the archaeological sites such as (brick buildings - mosaics - murals - stone buildings) in a safe manner (Backfilling) after studying, recording and restoring them is an important mean for their preservation, whereas they do not find sufficient funding for maintenance, display and a good conservation that suit their condition, size and value as well as ensuring their safety and stability , The "backfilling" processes must be carried out in scientific ways involving all relevant disciplines, in addition to achieving a long term conservation, the study also discusses the effects of the soil and its chemical and physical properties and whether they are suitable for Re-burying and preserving antiquities, more ever it includes the most important materials and modern scientific techniques appropriate for the safe re-burial of archaeological sites, a standard model of safe Re-burial "backfill" will be designed through the study for most of the archeological sites

Keywords

• Burial
• Conservation
• Soil
• Sand
• Gravel