Short-term energy scenario of district energy system using optimised renewable energy mix with and without energy storage

Abstract

The study proposes a multi-objective, multi-node optimisation model for the district energy system to achieve high renewable energy share by 2030. A combined analysis is conducted to reduce total system cost, carbon footprint; and satisfy inertia and flexibility requirements of integrated renewable energy system of the considered district. An hourly deterministic tool, Flextool, developed by IRENA, is used for analysis. Multiple scenarios are analysed to identify an optimal capacity expansion plan. The interaction between various energy generation units while meeting hourly energy demand is studied. The flexibility issues concerned with high VRE (Variable renewable energy) integration expected in the future energy grid are identified, and the effect of battery storage on curtailment is evaluated. The maximum VRE absorption capacity of the district is examined, and the shadow value is calculated for all considered scenarios. It is concluded that the district energy system could achieve 52% renewable energy share, zero loss of load and minimum curtailment in 2030 with adequate policy interventions. If the recommended investment pattern is followed, carbon intensity will reduce from 10.729 g/kWh to 6.70 g/kWh and 6.02 g/kWh without and with battery storage systems. The application of battery storage as a flexibility solution resulted in a significant reduction in curtailments. The study demonstrated that Flextool is a competent flexibility assessment tool which provides comprehensive support to optimise capacity expansion and system operations.

Keywords

• Energy system modelling
• Variable renewable energy
• Integrated renewable energy systems
• IRENA Flextool
• Flexibility assessment