iScience (Jul 2023)
Differences among epitopes recognized by neutralizing antibodies induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination
- Shinya Yamamoto,
- Seiya Yamayoshi,
- Mutsumi Ito,
- Yuko Sakai-Tagawa,
- Ichiro Nakachi,
- Rie Baba,
- Shigenobu Kamimoto,
- Takayuki Ogura,
- Shigehiro Hagiwara,
- Hideaki Kato,
- Hideaki Nakajima,
- Yoshifumi Uwamino,
- Kazuma Yagi,
- Norio Sugaya,
- Hiroyuki Nagai,
- Makoto Saito,
- Eisuke Adachi,
- Michiko Koga,
- Takeya Tsutsumi,
- Calvin Duong,
- Moe Okuda,
- Jurika Murakami,
- Yuri Furusawa,
- Michiko Ujie,
- Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto,
- Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi,
- Yoshihiro Kawaoka
Affiliations
- Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; Corresponding author
- Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Ichiro Nakachi
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
- Rie Baba
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
- Shigenobu Kamimoto
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
- Takayuki Ogura
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
- Shigehiro Hagiwara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
- Hideaki Kato
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
- Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
- Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Kazuma Yagi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Keiyu Hospital, Kanagawa 220-8521, Japan
- Norio Sugaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Keiyu Hospital, Kanagawa 220-8521, Japan
- Hiroyuki Nagai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Eisuke Adachi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Calvin Duong
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Moe Okuda
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Jurika Murakami
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Michiko Ujie
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA; The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Corresponding author
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 26,
no. 7
p. 107208
Abstract
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 has gradually acquired amino acid substitutions in its S protein that reduce the potency of neutralizing antibodies, leading to decreased vaccine efficacy. Here, we attempted to obtain mutant viruses by passaging SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of plasma samples from convalescent patients or vaccinees to determine which amino acid substitutions affect the antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2. Several amino acid substitutions in the S2 region, as well as the N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD), affected the neutralization potency of plasma samples collected from vaccinees, indicating that amino acid substitutions in the S2 region as well as those in the NTD and RBD affect neutralization by vaccine-induced antibodies. Furthermore, the neutralizing potency of vaccinee plasma samples against mutant viruses we obtained or circulating viruses differed among individuals. These findings suggest that genetic backgrounds of vaccinees influence the recognition of neutralizing epitopes.
