Olive Oil Improves While Trans Fatty Acids Further Aggravate the Hypomethylation of LINE-1 Retrotransposon DNA in an Environmental Carcinogen Model

Laszlo Szabo; Richard Molnar; Andras Tomesz; Arpad Deutsch; Richard Darago; Timea Varjas; Zsombor Ritter; Jozsef L. Szentpeteri; Kitti Andreidesz; Domokos Mathe; Imre Hegedüs; Attila Sik; Ferenc Budan; Istvan Kiss

doi:10.3390/nu14040908

Nutrients (Feb 2022)

Olive Oil Improves While Trans Fatty Acids Further Aggravate the Hypomethylation of LINE-1 Retrotransposon DNA in an Environmental Carcinogen Model

Laszlo Szabo,
Richard Molnar,
Andras Tomesz,
Arpad Deutsch,
Richard Darago,
Timea Varjas,
Zsombor Ritter,
Jozsef L. Szentpeteri,
Kitti Andreidesz,
Domokos Mathe,
Imre Hegedüs,
Attila Sik,
Ferenc Budan,
Istvan Kiss

Affiliations

Laszlo Szabo: Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Richard Molnar: Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Andras Tomesz: Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Arpad Deutsch: Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Richard Darago: Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Timea Varjas: Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Zsombor Ritter: Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Jozsef L. Szentpeteri: Institute of Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Kitti Andreidesz: Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Domokos Mathe: Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
Imre Hegedüs: Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
Attila Sik: Institute of Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Ferenc Budan: Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Istvan Kiss: Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14040908
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 14, no. 4
p. 908

Abstract

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DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that is crucial for mammalian development and genomic stability. Aberrant DNA methylation changes have been detected not only in malignant tumor tissues; the decrease of global DNA methylation levels is also characteristic for aging. The consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) as part of a balanced diet shows preventive effects against age-related diseases and cancer. On the other hand, consuming trans fatty acids (TFA) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate the LINE-1 retrotransposon (L1-RTP) DNA methylation pattern in liver, kidney, and spleen of mice as a marker of genetic instability. For that, mice were fed with EVOO or TFA and were pretreated with environmental carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)—a harmful substance known to cause L1-RTP DNA hypomethylation. Our results show that DMBA and its combination with TFA caused significant L1-RTP DNA hypomethylation compared to the control group via inhibition of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes. EVOO had the opposite effect by significantly decreasing DMBA and DMBA + TFA-induced hypomethylation, thereby counteracting their effects.

Published in Nutrients

ISSN: 2072-6643 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Technology: Home economics: Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients

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